Сегодня рылся по "чистому" пространству на своей флешке - было любопытно посмотреть, что я делал за последний год. Среди прочего обнаружилась странная страничка, на которой некий Ваттенберг дурил IBM. Не спрашивайте, как она вообще оказалась на этой флешке, но текст оказался забавным. Небольшой диалог с гуглом указал на вот
эту страничку, а самое весёлое пишу прямо сюда.
“All that happened is that this reporter, Michael Harris, who is a very clever guy by the way, came along and bet me that I couldn’t find an easy way to copy this funny-looking BART ticket with a magnetic stripe. I thought it was just someone’s prototype idea. But he said that IBM had bragged that no one could do it for less than a half-million dollars. Now, that kind of gets a scientist’s juices flowing. I mean I didn’t interrupt my serious scientific work at Berkeley, but his challenge was on my mind for a few hours. “Suddenly, I remembered an obscure little thing about the physics of magnetic materials that most scientists don’t bother with very often. This phenomenon had given me fits in an experiment that I had done as a graduate student. Even my professor at the time didn’t believe it until I showed it to him. I thought, ‘Oh my God, the IBM guys couldn’t possibly have overlooked that! They’re the world’s experts on magnetic recording.’
“I did a quick experiment with some magnetic tape that I bought at lunchtime in a music store on Shattuck Avenue, and damned if I wasn’t able to make a good copy of the BART ticket magnetic stripe that Harris had left with me to play with. I didn’t even have time to go to a BART station and see if my counterfeit ticket worked. When Harris came back the next day, I gave him the materials he would need and showed him how to do it in his kitchen at home. Well, you know the rest of the story…”
...He agreed to go along with the story for the sake of all the innocent people who could have lost their money, but it wasn’t pleasing to him to know all the things that were not disclosed to the press.
He told us ruefully: “At least I didn’t say anything dishonest to Business Week. They came around to see how I did it and I showed them the mechanics of how it could be done, They didn’t ask the right questions and I didn’t volunteer anything more. I hoped they would go out and try to copy a card with a piece of ordinary iron oxide magnetic tape, the way Michael Harris did. They would have discovered in a hurry that the scheme required something else special. But they didn’t. I was really surprised that they wrote the story without checking that… . That was the last time I ever took money to keep my mouth shut. I needed money at the time to do a lot of important scientific experiments that were on my mind, and I had a lot of good graduate students who needed support. The bankers were the big boys. Who was I to tell them what was ethical? But you know, when I asked them to provide a few scholarships, they turned me down. That is why it eventually cost them a hell of a lot more than a few scholarships.”
One of Wattenburg’s scientist colleagues whom we interviewed in August 1990 told us what he thinks happened with the magnetic stripe. He said that obviously the whole thing was hushed up very quickly because of the potential losses due to thieves learning how to copy the magnetic stripe on the new bank credit cards. He said the rumor was that the banks paid Wattenburg a very handsome sum to help them devise a better scheme. He said that one of Wattenburg’s former Berkeley students who worked at IBM was asked to approach Wattenburg and that Wattenburg agreed to help them under the condition that he work only through his former student.
This IBM engineer, Wattenburg’s former student, later went to work at Livermore. We were told that he took great joy in telling the funny stories that happened when the banking association attorneys tried to negotiate a deal with Wattenburg. He said they offered Wattenburg a very large amount of money if he would help them design a new scheme that couldn’t be counterfeited by anyone who did not have at least a hundred-thousand dollars of specialized equipment which they itemized in the agreement. And Wattenburg had to agree to never again talk about or disclose to anyone how he had copied the BART card or anything about new schemes that would be developed. He said that Wattenburg agreed that the payment they offered seemed quite fair, provided there were a few minor changes. One change Wattenburg made to the agreement he sent back was “by anyone other than Wattenburg” in the clause “couldn’t be counterfeited by anyone.” The attorneys saw no problem with this because if he helped develop a new scheme, obviously he would be one of the few who would know how to beat it as well.
They accepted the agreement. But then the bankers realized that Wattenburg could collect his money by only proving that “other people” could not copy some new magnetic stripe that he helped them develop. They protested that they already had a scheme that “other people” could not easily copy. They had paid large sums to universities and major consulting firms to have it tested and no one could copy it easily and reliably until Wattenburg came along.
They demanded that Wattenburg change the language of the agreement. Wattenburg responded: “Well, tell me how much it is worth to you if I take it out.” Before it was over with, they had tripled the amount they first agreed to pay him. The former student said that Wattenburg succeeded in beating the next two magnetic stripe recording schemes that they proposed until they finally came up with one that he said he couldn’t beat without expensive equipment.
Our contact laughed when he recalled what the former student often told his Livermore friends about Wattenburg’s assurance that he couldn’t beat the latest magnetic stripe scheme that is now used worldwide. He said: “I’ll bet that Wattenburg just got tired of fooling a, round with this business and told them it was ok. But, do you want to bet what will happen if Wattenburg is ever broke and he gets a hold of your credit card for a few hours?”